Welcome to Spodek Law Group. Our goal is to give you the reality of what happens when federal fraud charges collide with your immigration status - not the sanitized version other lawyers present, not the hopeful fiction your family believes, but the actual truth about what happens when the federal government convicts a green card holder of fraud. Because what most people discover too late is that the criminal case and the immigration case are two completely separate systems, operating under different rules, with different consequences - and your criminal lawyer probably has no idea how to protect you from the immigration side.
Here is the hidden truth nobody wants to tell you: the moment your federal fraud conviction involves a loss exceeding $10,000, immigration law automatically classifies it as an "aggravated felony." That classification triggers mandatory deportation. Not discretionary. Not appealable in any meaningful way. Mandatory. The immigration judge has zero discretion. There are no waivers available. Your twenty years of residence, your US citizen children, your American business - none of it matters once that classification attaches. And the worst part? The plea language your criminal lawyer negotiates - the exact words in your plea agreement - is what determines whether you fall into this category. Most criminal defense attorneys have no idea they're signing your deportation order while celebrating what they think is a "good deal."
This is not a situation where you serve your time and return to your life. This is a situation where your criminal sentence ends and a whole new nightmare begins - one that ends with you on a plane to a country you may not have lived in for decades.
The $10,000 Line Nobody Told You About
Federal fraud prosecutions dont happen for small amounts. Wire fraud, bank fraud, PPP loan fraud, healthcare fraud - by the time the federal government gets involved, your exposure almost always exceeds the threshold that triggers the worst immigration consequences. The magic number is $10,000. Cross that line and your fraud conviction becomes an "aggravated felony" under the Immigration and Nationality Act.
What makes this particuarly devastating is how federal prosecutors charge cases. They aggregate losses across counts. They include intended losses, not just actual losses. They calculate restitution broadly. A PPP loan application for $50,000 that you beleive was legitimate? Loss amount: $50,000. Wire transfers totaling $30,000 that your business processed? Loss amount: $30,000. It dosent matter that you thought the money was yours, that you intended to pay it back, that the "victim" was a federal program you thought you qualified for. The number is the number.
Much worse. Even if your fraud amount is under $10,000, there's another trap. If your sentence - including suspended time - adds up to 365 days or more, your conviction becomes an aggravated felony anyway. So a plea deal that gives you "only" one year of probation with no jail time? Congrats. Your still facing mandatory deportation.
The American Immigration Council has documented this extensively. The threshold isnt about what crime you actualy committed in any moral sense. Its about what category Congress decided to label as "aggravated" - and fraud made the list decades ago.
Why Your Criminal Lawyer Cant Save Your Green Card
Heres were people get destroyed. They hire a criminal defense attorney - a good one, maybe even an expensve one - and that attorney does exactly what there trained to do: minimize your criminal exposure. Reduce jail time. Get probation instead of prison. Negotiate restitution payments. All the normal stuff.
Problem is - none of that addresses immigration consequences.
Your criminal lawyer negotiates a plea agreement. The plea agreement contains specific language about what your admitting to, what the loss amount is, what statute your pleading under. That language goes to the immigration court. The immigration judge looks at your plea. If the plea language triggers "aggravated felony," you are done. No discretion. No waiver. No "but I have American children." Done.
CRITICAL WARNING: The plea language - not the sentence, not the time served, not your remorse - determines whether you are deportable. Criminal lawyers dont think about this. Immigration lawyers do.
This is why Todd Spodek tells every client facing federal charges: you need TWO attorneys from day one. A criminal defense attorney fighting the federal case AND an immigration attorney reviewing every single document, every plea offer, every potential deal - specificaly to protect your immigration status. The criminal lawyer optimizes for sentence reduction. The immigration lawyer makes sure that "reduced sentence" doesnt come with plea language that guarantees your removal.
Ive seen it happen. Client celebrates "winning" there case - probation, no jail, case closed. Walks out of federal court. ICE is waiting in the parking lot. Detainer was filed three weeks ago. Nobody told him.
What Happens The Moment Your Convicted
Stop. Let me explain how fast this moves.
During your criminal case - before your even sentenced - ICE has already been monitoring. Federal court filings are public. ICE has analysts whose job is to flag non-citizen defendants. By the time your plea is entered, they may already have a detainer lodged with the facility where your being held or with the U.S. Marshals.
The detainer is basicly a hold request. It says: when this person finishes there criminal proceedings, dont release them. Transfer them to us.
So you complete your sentence. Maybe you did 18 months federal time. Your ready to go home to your family. Except your not going home. Your going to ICE detention. And here's the brutal part - if your conviction is an aggravated felony, theres no bond. Mandatory detention. You sit in an immigration detention center - which is basicaly jail - untill your removal case is processed.
Immigration detention. Not the same as criminal custody. Different rules, different facilities, different everything. Some people spend months there. Years even. Waiting for a hearing where the outcome is basicly predetermined becuase the aggravated felony classification removes any discretion the judge might have had.
Real number: ICE processes tens of thousands of criminal alien removals every year. Your not a special case to them. Your a file.
The Plea Language That Destroys Everything
This is were the system breaks people who thought they understood what was happening.
Two defendants. Same crime. Same amount. Same federal prosecutor.
Defendant A's lawyer negotiates a plea where the loss amount is not specified in the plea colloquy. The plea references the statute without admitting to a specific dollar figure. Immigration court has to work harder to establish the amount.
Defendant B's lawyer - trying to seem cooperative, trying to get a better sentence - has his client admit on the record: "I acknowledge that the loss amount was approximately $75,000."
Defendant B just signed his own deportation order. Doesnt matter if he gets probation. Doesnt matter if the judge says "I can see your a good person." That admission - that specific language - is what the immigration court looks at.
The categorical approach in immigration law means they examine what you admitted to, what the statute covers, what the record of conviction shows. And if that record shows fraud over $10,000, the analysis is over. Aggravated felony. Mandatory removal.
The criminal case and the immigration case are completley separate systems with different rules - but your plea in one determines the outcome in the other.
This is the inversion nobody explains. Fighting your criminal case aggressively - going to trial, losing, getting convicted - might actualy be better for immigration purposes than accepting a "good" plea deal that contains devastating admissions. Not always. But sometimes. Which is why you need someone thinking about immigration from the very beginning.
Twenty Years Minimum
Lets talk about what happens after deportation.
If your removed from the United States based on an aggravated felony conviction, your barred from re-entry for twenty years. Minimum. Thats not twenty years from when you want to come back. Thats twenty years from the date of your physical removal.
Twenty years.
Your US citizen children cant sponsor you during that time. The bar is absolute. Your American spouse cant file a petition that overcomes it. The business you built? Gone. The house you paid for? Sold or abandoned. The life you spent decades constructing? Erased.
And heres what makes it permanant in a way most people dont understand: if you try to re-enter during that twenty year period - legally or illegaly - the clock restarts. Get caught at the border with a tourist visa application? Now your looking at another twenty years. Attempt to sneak across? Criminal charges for illegal re-entry, then another twenty year bar starting from THAT deportation.
The system is designed so that an aggravated felony conviction basicly ends your American life. Permanantly. That's not hyperbole. Thats the statute.
At Spodek Law Group, weve had to explain this timeline to people who genuinely beleived there would be some way back. Some waiver. Some exception for hardship. For aggravated felonies - there isnt. The only path is time.
What Happens to Your Family
This is the part nobody wants to talk about. The part that keeps people awake at 3am.
Your US citizen children cannot stop your deportation. Let that sink in. You could have three American-born children, a mortgage in the suburbs, fifteen years of tax returns, a business employing twenty people - and none of it gives the immigration judge discretion to let you stay. For aggravated felonies, the law says you must be removed. Period.
Families get torn apart. Literaly. Your spouse faces an impossible choice: follow you to a country they may not speak the language of, may never have visited - or stay in America without you. Your children grow up visiting their parent through video calls, if that. The psychological damage to kids who lose a parent to deportation is documented and devastating.
And the financial cascade compounds everything. Your the breadwinner? Now your family has no income. You owned the house jointly? Good luck making mortgage payments when half the household income just disappeared. Your business depended on you? It probably closes.
Immigration enforcement doesnt consider these equities. Once the aggravated felony classification attaches, the judge cannot weigh your family ties, your community contributions, or your years of lawful residence. The law removes their discretion completley.
Weve seen families destroyed by this. Marriages that dont survive the separation. Children who grow up angry at a system they cant understand. Spouses who exhaust their savings on appeals that go nowhere becuase the law is the law.
The only way to protect your family is to protect your immigration status BEFORE the conviction that triggers all of this.
The PPP Fraud Time Bomb
Different issue. But connected.
Remember those PPP loans from 2020? The ones everyone was rushing to apply for during COVID? Alot of people - including green card holders - applied for loans they maybe shouldnt have. Overstated payroll. Listed employees who didnt exist. Applied for businesses that werent quite what they described.
At the time, forgiveness came fast. The money went out. People moved on.
Clock running.
The statute of limitations for federal fraud is five years. That means a 2020 PPP application can be prosecuted untill 2025. Were in that window right now. The SBA has been auditing. The DOJ has been building cases. Grand juries have been convening.
Here's the cascade: You applied for a $150,000 PPP loan in April 2020. You recieved forgiveness in 2021. You thought it was done. In 2024, an SBA audit flags your application. In 2025, federal prosecutors bring charges. You get convicted - maybe you plea, maybe you lose at trial. Loss amount: $150,000.
Aggravated felony.
Mandatory deportation.
Twenty year bar.
All from something you did five years ago that you thought was behind you.
What Crimes Make You Ineligible for a Green Card?
People ask this wrong question. Its not about "ineligible for a green card." If you already have a green card, the question is: what crimes make you deportable even WITH your green card?
Aggravated felonies - including fraud over $10,000 - make you deportable and remove any discretionary relief. Crimes involving moral turpitude - which includes almost all fraud, even under $10,000 - can make you deportable if committed within five years of admission or if you have two such convictions ever. Drug offenses. Firearms offenses. Domestic violence.
But federal fraud is special becuase its almost always over the threshold. And becuase the federal system has a 93% conviction rate, once your charged, the odds are against you from day one.
The question isnt "can I keep my green card." The question is "how do I structure my defense to avoid triggering the aggravated felony classification in the first place."
Can You Avoid Deportation After Federal Fraud Conviction?
The only way this doesnt end in deportation is if you address it BEFORE conviction.
Once the conviction is final with aggravated felony classification, there is no waiver, no cancellation of removal, and no asylum protection. The only option is proving you would be tortured if returned to your home country - and that standard is almost impossible to meet.
Before conviction, the options are:
Fight the charges entirely. If your acquitted, theres no conviction. No immigration consequence. But federal trials are risky. That 93% conviction rate exists for a reason.
Negotiate plea language carefully. With an immigration attorney reviewing every document, its sometimes possible to structure a plea that avoids the aggravated felony trigger. Maybe the loss amount is described differently. Maybe the statute you plead to is different. Maybe the specific admissions avoid the categorical match.
Cooperation. In some cases, substantial assistance to prosecutors can result in charges being reduced or dismissed entirely. If you have information the government wants, your immigration status can be part of the negotiation.
Pre-plea immigration analysis. At Spodek Law Group, when we work with clients facing federal fraud charges, we bring immigration counsel into the conversation before any plea discussions begin. Every offer gets analyzed not just for criminal exposure but for immigration consequences. Sometimes we advise clients to reject "good" deals becuase the immigration consequences outweigh the criminal benefits.
Current Enforcement Reality
The enforcement enviroment in 2025 is unlike anything weve seen before. Immigration authorities are now requesting ALL criminal records - no matter how old or how minor they seem. Cases that might have slipped through the cracks a decade ago are getting flagged. Federal databases are more connected than ever.
Recent news coverage has highlighted cases were even naturalized citizens are facing denaturalization proceedings based on fraud discovered after they became citizens. If CITIZENS can lose their status for fraud, imagine how much less protection your green card provides.
ICE operations targeting specific communities have increased. Coordination between federal prosecutors and immigration enforcement has tightened. The days of completing your criminal case and hoping immigration doesnt notice are over.
What this means practicaly: if your facing federal fraud charges right now, assume ICE already knows. Assume they are monitoring your case. Assume a detainer will be waiting the moment your criminal proceedings conclude. Plan accordingly.
The Only Way This Doesnt End In Deportation
Heres what Todd Spodek tells clients in this situation:
You have one shot to get this right. One shot. The criminal case will move fast. Federal prosecutors will push for quick resolution. Your criminal lawyer will want to close the file. And somewhere in that rush, the immigration consequences can get lost.
Dont let them get lost.
If your a green card holder facing federal fraud charges, you need representation that understands both systems. You need a criminal defense attorney who either knows immigration law or who works with someone who does. You need every plea offer examined for deportation triggers. You need someone thinking about your American life, not just your federal case.
The moment that plea is entered, your fate is sealed. Before that moment, you have options. After? The machinery takes over.
Call Spodek Law Group at 212-300-5196. We work with clients nationwide facing exactly this intersection of federal criminal exposure and immigration consequences. The clock is running from the moment charges are filed. The window to protect your status is narrower than you think.
Dont become another statistic - another green card holder who "won" their criminal case and lost their American life. The federal system and immigration system operate on different tracks. You need someone watching both.
Your family is counting on you to understand whats actually at stake. The next move you make determines whether you spend the next twenty years in America - or banned from it.
This isnt about being scared. Its about being informed. The federal system has rules. The immigration system has rules. Those rules can be navigated - but only if you know they exist before its too late to do anything about them.
